Sources and citations

Harmonised European statistics on vacancies, labour market slack, earnings, training, remote work and enterprise technology use. The source behind most of our cross-country comparisons.

Refreshes:

Varies by dataset, from monthly to four-yearly. The dissemination API refreshes at 11:00 and 23:00 CET.

Reuse:

CC BY 4.0. Attribution required.

The Dutch national statistical office. Employment by occupation and sector, vacancies, unemployment, wages and the labour market dashboard.

Refreshes:

Mostly monthly and quarterly, with annual occupational detail.

Reuse:

CC BY 4.0 for StatLine data. Attribution required.

Labour market information per sector and region: vacancies, benefit claims, shortage occupations and employer surveys. The operational counterpart to CBS.

Refreshes:

Sector pages updated through the year, with the tightness dashboard refreshed quarterly. Note that the vacancy data supplier changed in December 2025 and the series was revised backwards, so figures pulled before that date no longer match the current series.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. Cited with attribution.

The national open data portal. Its Work theme holds several hundred datasets from ministries, with the licence stated per dataset.

Refreshes:

Continuous. Each dataset carries its own refresh cycle.

Reuse:

Mostly CC BY 4.0 or CC0, but the catalogue also has a licence unknown category. Always check the record.

The central bank's half-yearly projection of contract wage growth, unemployment and labour market tightness, for the current year and two years ahead. Each edition ships a spreadsheet of the underlying chart series.

Refreshes:

Twice a year, in June and December.

Reuse:

CC BY 4.0 for the databank and datasets, while the publications themselves are reserved. Whether the projection spreadsheets fall under the open clause is ambiguous, so we confirm before redistributing them.

Standalone studies on policy questions, including the structural analysis of labour scarcity that sets out what an ageing population does to labour supply, growth and the choices open to employers.

Refreshes:

Irregular, published when a study is completed.

Reuse:

All rights reserved. Nothing may be reproduced without written permission, so we summarise and cite the findings and reproduce none of the text.

The standard Dutch forecast of the labour market by education and occupation: expansion demand, replacement demand, job openings, graduate inflow and shortage indicators, six years ahead.

Refreshes:

Every two years. The current edition runs to 2030.

Reuse:

Split, and the distinction matters. The dataset on DataverseNL is CC BY 4.0 and freely reusable. The accompanying report is not: it may not be reproduced without written permission. So we reuse the data and cite the report.

Institutional data on wage setting and collective bargaining across 55 countries from 1960: union density, bargaining coverage, works councils and state intervention. Built at the University of Amsterdam and continued with the OECD.

Refreshes:

Every two to three years. Version 2.0 covers data through 2024.

Reuse:

Publicly available under citation terms rather than a Creative Commons licence. Cite the version and year.

Collective agreement texts coded into comparable variables, plus minimum and living wage series. The coded database is deposited openly; the live site holds the Dutch agreements.

Refreshes:

Irregular. The deposited database covers agreements from 62 countries.

Reuse:

CC BY 4.0 for the deposited research dataset. The website itself carries no open licence.

Studie en Werk tracks what happens to graduates in their first years of work: how long finding a job takes, the starting salary, and the share on a permanent contract, by field of study. Built on CBS microdata.

Refreshes:

Annual, running since 1997.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. The report is a free PDF.

The monthly report on negotiated wage growth: average agreed increase, how many new collective agreements were concluded and how many workers they cover.

Refreshes:

Monthly, with free editions archived back to 2022.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. The monthly report is free; the underlying data portal is a paid product.

Macroeconomic forecasts including unemployment, employment and wage growth. Published as the Centraal Economisch Plan in March and the Macro Economische Verkenning in September.

Refreshes:

Two main forecasts a year, plus interim estimates.

Reuse:

CC BY 3.0 Netherlands. The clearest reuse permission of any Dutch institute in this list.

Social research on the employer side of the market through the Arbeidsvraagpanel: how organisations recruit, select, train and retain, including older workers.

Refreshes:

Irregular. The employer panel runs roughly every two years.

Reuse:

CC0 for site content, reusable under the Wet hergebruik overheidsinformatie. Images excluded.

The national working conditions surveys. The employee survey covers more than 50,000 respondents a year on workload, burnout, digitalisation and sustainable employability, with employer and self-employed counterparts.

Refreshes:

Employee survey annual; employer and self-employed surveys every two years.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. Cited with attribution; microdata runs through CBS.

The deepest sectoral labour dataset in the country: employment, vacancies, inflow and outflow, sickness absence and forecasts for healthcare and welfare, on its own StatLine instance.

Refreshes:

StatLine tables on the CBS cycle; employee and employer panels twice a year.

Reuse:

Published through CBS StatLine, so CBS open data terms apply.

The trade register. The open dataset gives anonymised legal entities by sector and region, and the recurring reports track business starts, closures and the self-employed.

Refreshes:

Open dataset every working day; trend reports quarterly and annual.

Reuse:

CC BY 4.0 for the open dataset, designated a High Value Dataset.

Chance of work per vocational qualification: the ratio of expected graduates to expected suitable vacancies. A shortage indicator computed at qualification level, including an order and safety cut.

Refreshes:

Not stated by the source. Per-sector reports appear on a multi-year cycle.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. Some figures appear as open data elsewhere.

Regional labour market data for eight provinces and ten labour market regions, across thirteen sectors: employment, vacancies, tightness and worker mobility, built on CBS series.

Refreshes:

Follows its upstream CBS sources. Not separately stated.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. Operated commercially, so terms need checking before republication.

The workforce of digital professionals in the Netherlands: headcount, vacancies by province, tightness, and how well graduate skills match starter vacancies. Built from CBS microdata, vacancy scraping and UWV figures.

Refreshes:

Annual, with education figures refreshed each autumn.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. Free to access, with Excel downloads and a custom cut builder.

The authoritative construction workforce forecast: labour demand for the years ahead, split between what education can supply and what has to come from lateral entry.

Refreshes:

Annual, published in the autumn, with editions archived back to 2021.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. This series is a free PDF, though much of the wider EIB catalogue is sold.

Grid operator figures including a standing technician shortage broken down by role, alongside connection queues and infrastructure data.

Refreshes:

Quarterly.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. Free web statistics with no dataset download.

Sector figures for private security: employment, wage bill, revenue and market conditions. The only recurring open workforce series we found for this field.

Refreshes:

Annual, with an archive running from 2012.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. Free download without membership.

Public sector workforce figures compiled by the interior ministry: headcount and composition, inflow and outflow, pay, pensions and external hiring across central government, municipalities, provinces and the water authorities.

Refreshes:

Annual.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published on the figures pages.

The education pipeline: enrolments and graduates by institution and programme. The supply side behind any shortage claim about a field.

Refreshes:

Annual for student and graduate series.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published on the portal.

Bank sector analysis with a labour market angle, including staff shortages in ICT. Timely and readable, written to inform business clients.

Refreshes:

Irregular, several updates per sector per year.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. Cited with attribution and date.

Forward-looking sector forecasts with wage cost pressure, collective agreement expiry analysis and shortage occupations. Useful precisely because the statistical agencies do not forecast by sector.

Refreshes:

The consolidated report roughly twice a year, with individual sectors on a rolling basis.

Reuse:

The most permissive terms of any bank or consultancy we checked: use of text and figures is allowed provided the source is clearly stated.

Quarterly sector and regional forecasts covering roughly forty regions, with unemployment and negotiated wage projections in the quarterly economic report.

Refreshes:

Quarterly, the most frequent sector forecast available.

Reuse:

All rights reserved, with no citation permission granted. We therefore reference findings sparingly and link rather than reproduce.

A survey of HR practice running seventeen consecutive editions since 2009, covering pay, staffing and workforce policy across several hundred organisations, with a documented method.

Refreshes:

Annual, with fieldwork in February and March. Earlier editions are freely available.

Reuse:

All rights reserved. Cited, never reproduced.

A daily index of Dutch job postings, indexed to February 2020, split into total and new postings. Published as versioned CSV rather than as a report, which makes it the fastest open read on hiring demand.

Refreshes:

Daily observations, refreshed weekly.

Reuse:

CC BY 4.0, with an explicit requirement to cite Indeed Hiring Lab as the source.

A quarterly picture of Dutch vacancy volumes by region, sector, education level and employer, built on deduplicated scraped postings.

Refreshes:

Quarterly, with a continuous run since 2022.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. The quarterly report is free and ungated; the underlying feed is a paid product.

Recruitment market indicators: how many people are actively looking, how often workers are approached by recruiters, and talent availability by target group.

Refreshes:

Quarterly headline figures, with monthly updates to subscribers.

Reuse:

Headline figures public, the full dashboard and API are commercial products.

Market figures for the Dutch staffing and flexible labour market, from the trade association for staffing firms.

Refreshes:

Recurring, though the source does not state a fixed cycle.

Reuse:

No reuse licence published. Member association data, weighed accordingly.

Anonymised and aggregated recruitment process data contributed by partner agencies and in-house teams: lead times, dropout points per stage, salary bands agreed per seniority, and geographic spread of candidates.

Refreshes:

Per study. The August 2026 salary and process papers rest on 1,115 observations from 968 candidates.

Reuse:

Contributed under agreement. Published only in aggregate, never at the level of a person or a client.